From hand-cranked fans in the 1940s to electric fans in the 1960s to split-type air-conditioners and central air conditioners in the 1980s and 1990s, our home-refrigeration equipment has undergone many changes. Today, ground source heat pumps become the latest choice to enter our lives. So what is a ground source heat pump? What is the principle of ground source heat pump? What is the construction process of ground source heat pump ? Let's take a look with Xiaobian.
First, what is a ground source heat pump
Ground source heat pump is a brand-new heating and cooling technology, which has changed the original cooling and heating situation. At present, the maturity of ground source heat pump technology in China is still very low, and it is quite different from that of Europe and the United States, so understanding ground source heat pump is a necessary condition for promoting this technology.
Ground-source heat pumps are mainly divided into three forms: groundwater systems, surface water systems, and buried pipe systems. Compared with the first two ground-source heat pump systems, the ground pipe system is commonly known as a ground-source heat pump. The system uses the shallow surface soil as a heat source, and exchanges heat with a water circulation system through a geothermal heat exchanger composed of underground pipes. It is also the most widely used ground source heat pump system.
Soil-source heat pump air-conditioning technology utilizes the characteristics of the earth's deep, warm winter, cool summer and relatively stable temperature. It exchanges heat with underground circulating closed water and relies on a small amount of electricity to drive a heat pump unit to complete the cooling or heating cycle. Heat exchange with soil, surface water, etc. to achieve the requirements of cooling and heating or preparation of hot water.
Second, the principle of ground source heat pump
The ground source heat pump can be used to integrate heating, air conditioning, and domestic hot water. A ground source heat pump can replace three existing heating boilers, refrigeration and air conditioning, and domestic hot water heating. Economical. Below, we will comprehensively analyze the principle of ground source heat pump operation from summer, transition season and winter.
Ground source heat pump provides air-conditioning, cooling and hot water in summer
Summer: Ground-source heat pump air-conditioning unit plans to bury the heat exchanger in the ground and circulate through the water in a closed loop composed of high-strength plastic pipe (PE pipe) to realize the purpose of cold and heat exchange with the earth. , To achieve indoor fan coil cooling, while the waste heat generated by the unit is used on the one hand for free access to domestic hot water, on the other hand, the heat is transferred to the ground, cooling the room, while storing heat, ready for winter use.
Ground source heat pump provides hot water for transition season
Transition season: When the ground source heat pump unit is running, the soil heat exchanger is used in winter to absorb low grade thermal energy from the underground vertical buried pipe loop, and then the compressor system is used to upgrade the low grade energy to high grade energy, resulting in 45- 50°C Continuous domestic hot water.
Ground source heat pump provides floor heating and hot water in winter
In winter: Underground heat pump system transfers heat from the soil to the room through closed pipes buried in the ground, and releases it to the room at a higher temperature through the end of the indoor heating and air conditioning. It can use floor heating, fan coil and other facilities for heating. , And can provide domestic hot water; At the same time, storage of cold for summer use, the earth soil provides a good source of free energy storage, so that the realization of the energy of the seasonal conversion.
Third, ground source heat pump construction steps
1, drilling
1) Before construction, the function and accurate position of existing underground pipelines and underground structures within the buried pipeline site should be known. Before each vertical hole is drilled, the pit should be manually excavated. The diameter of the pit is not less than 300mm and the depth is not less than 1.2m;
2) Ensure that the drill pipe is vertical when drilling to ensure that each vertical hole is parallel to prevent boring;
3) The project is located in Daxing with many sand layers. In order to prevent collapse and water seepage of the vertical holes, the borehole is injected into the borehole in time to increase the quality of the hole and shorten the hole-forming time.
2, vertical down tube
1) Before the lower tube must be tested pressure on all pipes, not less than 0.6MPa, voltage regulator for 15 minutes, the pressure does not drop, no leakage, that is qualified;
2) Before the backfill, the PE pipe should be pressure tested before it is backfilled. After passing the test, the next hole can be drilled.
3) In order to prevent the deposition of sediment in the hole and reduce the effective depth of the hole, after the drilling is completed, the pipe shall be lowered in time and fixed measures shall be taken to prevent the PE pipe from floating.
4) After passing the pressure test, the four open ends of the U-shaped tube shall be sealed in time, and the U-shaped tubes shall be individually tied with each pair to facilitate the subsequent connection of the tubes.
3, horizontal pipe, pipe connection
1) Horizontally buried pipes may not be sloped, and the top of the top buried pipe shall be 0.4m below the permafrost and not less than 0.8m above the ground. The spacing of the supply and return loop headers shall not be less than 0.6m;
2) The pipeline connection is currently using special equipment for electric welding and hot melt welding. Electrofusion welding has special equipment control time, welding process is good, but the price of electrofusion welding parts is high; special attention is paid to hot-melt welding, to master the time, avoid shrinkage holes after welding, and even block the pipeline.
4, backfill
1) The vertical hole grouting material should adopt the mixed slurry of bentonite and spun yarn or special materials, and the mud sediment produced during drilling can also be used to ensure that the drilling grouting is compact and there is no cavity. Otherwise it will reduce the heat transfer effect and affect the quality of the project;
2) The backfill soil for horizontal connection pipes shall be small, loose, uniform and free of stones and earth blocks. The backfilling and compaction process shall be uniform and shall not allow the pipes to be emptied;
3) The connection between the outside line pipe and the equipment in the equipment room. When the outside line pipe enters the equipment room, the wall pipe shall be used and the casing shall protrude from the outer wall by no less than 50mm. The casing and the exterior wall, the casing and the outside pipeline shall be waterproofed. External backfill.
5, room and end
1) The engine room is located in the basement and does not occupy the effective space; the heat pump unit adopts the ground source heat pump unit specially designed by the Yongyuan heat pump company for the ground pipe system. The unit is compact, the room area is small, and the entire room area is less than 5m2;
2) The end uses fan coil to send air, and the local function room uses radiator;
3) Precautions for construction: The construction of the villa project is mostly personal to the owner. With the renovation, the owner will inevitably have new ideas. Therefore, the end of the construction can not only rely on the drawings to go it alone, it must cooperate with the decoration, and do it in time. Owners communicate.
The above is a brief introduction to what is the ground source heat pump, ground source heat pump, and ground source heat pump construction steps. We hope to help you. For more information, please visit this website. Stay tuned.
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